EPIRB Category 1 vs 2 Features Explained
There are primarily two types of EPIRBs that you should be familiar with: Category 1 EPIRBs and Category 2 EPIRBs.
The key difference between Category I and II EPIRBs is the method by which they are deployed.
Category I EPIRBs are housed in a bracket that automatically releases the beacon when submerged (usually between 1.5 to 4 meters depth), should your vessel sink. They can also be deployed manually and are typically mounted in a location that facilitates both automatic and manual release.
Category II EPIRBs require manual release, meaning you need to physically deploy the EPIRB yourself. They can also be automatically or manually activated.
Feature | Category I | Category II |
---|---|---|
Activation | Automatic or manual | Automatic or manual |
Deployment | Auto-release bracket (float-free) or manual | Requires manual release |
Designed for | Commercial vessels, serious offshore boaters | Coastal boaters |
Activation vs Deployment
You must know two further terms before buying an EPIRB: activation and deployment.
The activation method is the physical way an EPIRB is turned on so that it can start to signal distress. It can be auto or manual and you absolutely must know how yours works!
The deployment method can also be called the release method. It’s the way your device is freed from its housing or cradle. Again this can be done automatically or manually.
Category 1 EPIRBs are designed to be deployed and activated either automatically upon submersion in water or if the vessel sinks, or manually by the user.
These EPIRBs come with a hydrostatic release unit (HRU) which once submerged, releases the EPIRB, allowing it to float to the surface and start transmitting a distress signal.
Category 2 EPIRBs require manual deployment by the user. They can be activated by being placed in water (automatic) or by pressing the activation button.
While they do not float free automatically, Category 2 EPIRBs, once activated, will also transmit distress signals, including a homing signal to assist rescue operations.
Due to their manual nature, it’s crucial to store Category II EPIRBs in a readily accessible location on your vessel, ensuring quick retrieval.
They can be mounted in a bracket or stored within a ditch bag, depending on your preference and convenience.
Considerations for Boating
When selecting a boating EPIRB, you must consider the type that fits your maritime needs while adhering to safety regulations.
Both categories perform the same in terms of operational battery life (minimum 48hrs) and transmission frequency (406 MHz).
You should regularly perform a self-test according to the manufacturer’s instructions. However, be cautious to avoid triggering a false alarm, which can be a serious matter with rescue services.